– Promotions where the business opportunity is the product. If no legitimate product or service is being sold, but only the opportunity itself, chances are that the company is operating a pyramid scheme.

– Products are sold at inflated prices. Pyramid promoters try to mask their true intentions by selling a product. Often, the product will be vastly over-priced, and unlikely to generate much retail activity. This is a sure tip-off that the real “product” being sold is the compensation opportunity.

– Programs that require inventory “loading.” A legitimate network marketing opportunity doesn’t require you to buy unreasonable amounts of inventory to launch your business.

– Programs that require substantial initial cash investments. Many states consider $500 or more to be a “substantial” up-front investment. A multilevel (MLM) company requiring such a high investment is likely to attract the attention of law enforcement agencies.

– Programs that require the mandatory purchase of peripheral or accessory products or services. Some pyramids seek to hide their true face by charging a minimum price for a “startup” kit, but then compel the participant to buy more expensive items, such as training or demonstration materials. Legitimate network marketing companies sell their business startup kits and selling aids at their cost, or just slightly over their cost.

– Companies that don’t  offer a”buy-back” policy. Any company that does not agree in writing to repurchase a reasonable percentage of unsold inventory or unused sales materials from its distributors for a stated time after purchase should be avoided. This is often a sign of a pyramid scheme.

– Programs that pay fees for recruiting. A legitimate network marketing company bases compensation on product sales, not recruiting. If money is paid for signing up new distributors rather than for product sales, the business is likely to be a pyramid.

– Recruiters who misrepresent earnings. If the opportunity is sold as a “get-rich-quick” scheme, beware! The only people who do well in such companies are those who can sucker others into buying into a criminal confidence game.

– You give money, then have your friends give money, and so on. This is a sign of a ponzi scheme. When you give money to a company, it should be for a tangible product or service.

If you want to learn more about the warning signs of pyramid schemes in the direct selling industry, browse the vast collection of articles and videos at mlmlegal.com, such as this video: Jeff Babener explains the difference between a legal MLM company and a pyramid scheme:

Visit us at www.mlmlegal.com to learn more.

A gifting club usually begins unintentionally between friends, family and neighbors. Unlike the traditional pyramid scheme, gifting clubs are not promoted as an investment by fraudulent financial advisers. Gifting clubs are usually home-grown. Those involved believe that they are genuinely helping one another. However, there is no exchange of merchandise and someone always ends up on the losing end.

Those who join usually do so by investing anywhere from $2,000 to $5,000 and then recruiting others to join. As more people join beneath them, their “investment” grows. Cash flow is passed from new recruits to those higher up in the pyramid. Those at the top of the gifting club pyramid usually leave with roughly eight times the amount they originally invested, while those on the bottom lose their money as new recruits decline and cash ceases to drive the pyramid. All gifting clubs eventually die because they run out of people (and therefore cash) to continue to “feed” the pyramid.

Unfortunately, and to the surprise of the founders and participants, they are engaged in an unintentional cash, pyramid, headhunting, recruitment scheme. Such practices violate consumer protection laws and criminal laws in most states. And also, unfortunately, the end-game sometimes is a criminal prosecution for the participants, all of whom might be your next door neighbors and “charismatic” people under most circumstances. Basic greed has blinded their judgment, however, and the price to pay is often very expensive.

Watch the video: What about Gifting Clubs?

For more information on any topic on network marketing that comes to mind, please visit www.mlmlegal.com and www.mlmattorney.com.

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